// ========================================================================
// $Id: URI.java,v 1.40 2009/05/16 02:02:00 gregwilkins Exp $
// Copyright 199-2004 Mort Bay Consulting Pty. Ltd.
// ------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at 
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
// ========================================================================
package org.mortbay.util;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.mortbay.log.LogFactory;

/* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
/** URI Holder.
 * This class assists with the decoding and encoding or HTTP URI's.
 * It differs from the java.net.URL class as it does not provide
 * communications ability, but it does assist with query string
 * formatting.
 * <P>ISO_8859_1 encoding is used by default for % encoded characters. This
 * may be overridden with the org.mortbay.util.URI.charset system property.
 * @see UrlEncoded
 * @version $Id: URI.java,v 1.40 2009/05/16 02:02:00 gregwilkins Exp $
 * @author Greg Wilkins (gregw)
 */
public class URI
    implements Cloneable
{
    private static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(URI.class);

    public static final String __CHARSET=System.getProperty("org.mortbay.util.URI.charset",StringUtil.__UTF_8);
    public static final boolean __CHARSET_IS_DEFAULT=__CHARSET.equals(StringUtil.__UTF_8);
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    private String _uri;
    private String _scheme;
    private String _host;
    private int _port;
    private String _path;
    private String _encodedPath;
    private String _query;
    private UrlEncoded _parameters;
    private boolean _dirty;
    private static String unreserved = "/0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz-_.~";
    private static String reserved = "!*'();:@&=+$,?%#[]";
    private static String hexchars = "0123456789ABCDEF";
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Copy Constructor .
     * @param uri
     */
    public URI(URI uri)
        throws IllegalArgumentException
    {
        _uri=uri.toString();
        _scheme=uri._scheme;
        _host=uri._host;
        _port=uri._port;
        _path=uri._path;
        _encodedPath=uri._encodedPath;
        _query=uri._query;
        if (uri._parameters!=null) 
            _parameters=(UrlEncoded)uri._parameters.clone();
        _dirty=false;
    }
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Construct from a String.
     * The string must contain a URI path, but optionaly may contain a
     * scheme, host, port and query string.
     * 
     * @param uri [scheme://host[:port]]/path[?query]
     */
    public URI(String uri)
        throws IllegalArgumentException
    {
        setURI(uri);
    }
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    public void setURI(String uri)
        throws IllegalArgumentException
    {
        try
        {    
            _uri=uri;
            _scheme=null;
            _host=null;
            _port=0;
            _path=null;
            _encodedPath=null;
            _query=null;
            if (_parameters!=null)
                _parameters.clear();
            
            // Scan _uri for host, port, path & query
            int maxi=uri.length()-1;
            int mark=0;
            int state=0;
            int i=0;

            if (maxi==0 || uri.charAt(0)=='/' && uri.charAt(1)!='/')
            {
                state=3;
                _scheme=null;
                _host=null;
                _port=0;
            }
            else
            {
                for (i=0;state<3 && i<=maxi;i++)
                {
                    char c=uri.charAt(i);
                    switch(state)
                    {
                      case 0: // looking for scheme or path
                          if (c==':' &&
                              uri.charAt(i+1)=='/' &&
                              uri.charAt(i+2)=='/')
                          {
                              // found end of scheme & start of host
                              _scheme=uri.substring(mark,i);
                              i+=2;
                              mark=i+1;
                              state=1;
                          }
                          else if (i==0 && c=='/')
                          {
                              // Found path
                              state=3;
                          }
                          else if (i==0 && c=='*')
                          {
                              state=5;
                              _path="*";
                              _encodedPath="*";
                          }
                          continue;
                          
                      case 1: // Get host & look for port or path
                          if (c==':')
                          {
                              // found port
                              _host=uri.substring(mark,i);
                              mark=i+1;
                              state=2;
                          }
                          else if (c=='/')
                          {
                              // found path
                              _host=uri.substring(mark,i);
                              mark=i;
                              state=3;
                          }
                          continue;
                          
                      case 2: // Get port & look for path
                          if (c=='/')
                          {
                              _port=TypeUtil.parseInt(uri,mark,i-mark,10);
                              mark=i;
                              state=3;
                          }
                          continue;
                    }
                }
            }
            
            // State 3 - Get path & look for query
            _query=null;
            for (i++;i<=maxi;i++)
            {
                char c=uri.charAt(i); 
                if (c=='?')
                {
                    // Found query
                    _encodedPath=uri.substring(mark,i);
                    _path=decodePath(_encodedPath);

                    mark=i+1;
                    state=4;
                    break;
                }
            }

            // complete last state
            switch(state)
            {
              case 0:
                  _dirty=false;
                  _encodedPath=_uri;
                  _path=decodePath(_encodedPath);
                  break;
                  
              case 1:
                  _dirty=true;
                  _encodedPath="/";
                  _path=_encodedPath;
                  _host=uri.substring(mark);
                  break;
                  
              case 2:
                  _dirty=true;
                  _encodedPath="/";
                  _path=_encodedPath;
                  _port=TypeUtil.parseInt(uri,mark,-1,10);
                  break;
              case 3:
                  _dirty=(mark==maxi);
                  _encodedPath=uri.substring(mark);
                  _path=decodePath(_encodedPath);
                  break;
                  
              case 4:
                  _dirty=false; 
                  if (mark<=maxi)
                      _query=uri.substring(mark);
                  break;
                  
              case 5:
                  _dirty=false; 
            }
        
            if (_query!=null && _query.length()>0)
            {
                if (_parameters==null)
                    _parameters= new UrlEncoded();
                else
                    _parameters.clear();
                _parameters.decode(_query,__CHARSET);
                
            }
            else
                _query=null;           
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            LogSupport.ignore(log,e);
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Malformed URI '"+uri+
                                               "' : "+e.toString());
        }        
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Is the URI an absolute URL? 
     * @return True if the URI has a scheme or host
     */
    public boolean isAbsolute()
    {
        return _scheme!=null || _host!=null;
    }
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Get the uri scheme.
     * @return the URI scheme
     */
    public String getScheme()
    {
        return _scheme;
    }
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Set the uri scheme.
     * @param scheme the uri scheme
     */
    public void setScheme(String scheme)
    {
        _scheme=scheme;
        _dirty=true;
    }
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Get the uri host.
     * @return the URI host
     */
    public String getHost()
    {
        return _host;
    }
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Set the uri host.
     * @param host the uri host
     */
    public void setHost(String host)
    {
        _host=host;
        _dirty=true;
    }
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Get the uri port.
     * @return the URI port
     */
    public int getPort()
    {
        return _port;
    }
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Set the uri port.
     * A port of 0 implies use the default port.
     * @param port the uri port
     */
    public void setPort(int port)
    {
        _port=port;
        _dirty=true;
    }
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Get the uri path.
     * @return the URI path
     */
    public String getPath()
    {
        return _path;
    }
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Get the encoded uri path.
     * @return the URI path
     */
    public String getEncodedPath()
    {
        return _encodedPath;
    }
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Set the uri path.
     * @param path the URI path
     */
    public void setPath(String path)
    {
        _path=path;
        _encodedPath=encodePath(_path);
        _dirty=true;
    }
    
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Get the uri query String.
     * @return the URI query string
     */
    public String getQuery()
    {
        if (_dirty && _parameters!=null)
        {
            _query = _parameters.encode(__CHARSET);
            if (_query!=null && _query.length()==0)
                _query=null;
        }
        return _query;
    }
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Set the uri query String.
     * @param query the URI query string
     */
    public void setQuery(String query)
    {
        _query=query;
        
        if (_parameters!=null)
            _parameters.clear();
        else if (query!=null)
            _parameters=new UrlEncoded();
        
        if (query!=null)
            _parameters.decode(query,__CHARSET);
        
        cleanURI();
    }
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Get the uri query _parameters names.
     * @return  Unmodifiable set of URI query _parameters names
     */
    public Set getParameterNames()
    {
        if (_parameters==null)
            return Collections.EMPTY_SET;
        return _parameters.keySet();
    }
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Get the uri query _parameters.
     * @return the URI query _parameters
     */
    public MultiMap getParameters()
    {
        if (_parameters==null)
            _parameters=new UrlEncoded();
        _dirty=true;
        return _parameters;
    }
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Get the uri query _parameters.
     * @return the URI query _parameters in an unmodifiable map.
     */
    public Map getUnmodifiableParameters()
    {
        if (_parameters==null)
            return Collections.EMPTY_MAP;
        return Collections.unmodifiableMap(_parameters);
    }
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Add the uri query _parameters to a MultiMap
     */
    public void putParametersTo(MultiMap map)
    {
        if (_parameters!=null && _parameters.size()>0)
            map.putAll(_parameters);
    }
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Clear the URI _parameters.
     */
    public void clearParameters()
    {
        if (_parameters!=null)
        {
            _dirty=true;
            _parameters.clear();
        }
    }
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Add encoded _parameters.
     * @param encoded A HTTP encoded string of _parameters: e.g.. "a=1&b=2"
     */
    public void put(String encoded)
    {
        UrlEncoded params = new UrlEncoded(encoded);
        put(params);
    }
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Add name value pair to the uri query _parameters.
     * @param name name of value
     * @param value The value, which may be a multi valued list or
     * String array.
     */
    public Object put(Object name, Object value)
    {
        return getParameters().put(name,value);
    }
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Add dictionary to the uri query _parameters.
     */
    public void put(Map values)
    {
        getParameters().putAll(values);
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Get named value 
     */
    public String get(String name)
    {
        if (_parameters==null)
            return null;
        return (String)_parameters.get(name);
    }
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Get named multiple values.
     * @param name The parameter name
     * @return Umodifiable list of values or null
     */
    public List getValues(String name)
    {
        if (_parameters==null)
            return null;
        return _parameters.getValues(name);
    }
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Remove named value 
     */
    public void remove(String name)
    {
        if (_parameters!=null)
        {
            _dirty=
                _parameters.remove(name)!=null;
        }
    }
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** @return the URI string encoded.
     */
    public String toString()
    {
        if (_dirty)
        {
            getQuery();
            cleanURI();
        }
        return _uri;
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    private void cleanURI()
    {
        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer(_uri.length()*2);
        synchronized(buf)
        {
            if (_scheme!=null)
            {
                buf.append(_scheme);
                buf.append("://");
                buf.append(_host);
                if (_port>0)
                {
                    buf.append(':');
                    buf.append(_port);
                }
            }

            buf.append(_encodedPath);
            
            if (_query!=null && _query.length()>0)
            {
                buf.append('?');
                buf.append(_query);
            }
            _uri=buf.toString();
            _dirty=false;
        }
    }
    
                
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Encode a URI path.
     * This is the same encoding offered by URLEncoder, except that
     * the '/' character is not encoded.
     * @param path The path the encode
     * @return The encoded path
     */
    public static String encodePath(String path)
    {
        if (path==null || path.length()==0)
            return path;
        
        StringBuffer buf = encodePath(null,path);
        return buf==null?path:buf.toString();
    }
        
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Encode a URI path.
     * @param path The path the encode
     * @param buf StringBuffer to encode path into (or null)
     * @return The StringBuffer or null if no substitutions required.
     */
    public static StringBuffer encodePath(StringBuffer buf, String path)
    {
        /* Convert path to native character set not __CHARSET.
         * This is important to do this way because the path 
         * contains *OS specific characters* and __CHARSET could
         * be wrong and not encode/decode the path correctly.
         */
        byte[] b = null;
        /*
        Keep commented out unless you can prove that this does the right thing.
        try {
            b = path.getBytes(__CHARSET);
        } catch(UnsupportedEncodingException ex) {
            return null; // Shouldn't be possible.
        }
        */
        b = path.getBytes();
        StringBuffer x = new StringBuffer(b.length);
        for(int i=0; i<b.length; i++) {
            x.append((char)(b[i]&0xff));
        }
        String _path = new String(x);
        if(buf == null) {
            loop:
            for(int i = 0; i < _path.length(); i++) {
                char c = _path.charAt(i);
                String cs = "" + c;
                if(reserved.contains(cs) || !unreserved.contains(cs)) {
                    buf = new StringBuffer(_path.length() << 1);
                    break loop;
                }
            }
            if(buf == null) {
                return null;
            }
        }
        synchronized(buf) {
            for(int i = 0; i < _path.length(); i++) {
                char c = _path.charAt(i);
                String cs = "" + c;
                if(reserved.contains(cs) || !unreserved.contains(cs)) {
                    /*
                    We are already bytes
                    if((c & 0xff) == c) {
                        buf.append(gethex(c & 0xff));
                    } else {
                        buf.append(gethex((c >> 8) & 0xff));
                        buf.append(gethex(c & 0xff));
                    }
                    */
                    buf.append(gethex(c & 0xff));
                } else {
                    buf.append(c);
                }
            }
        }

        return buf;
    }
    
    /**
     *
     * @param decimal value not greater than 255.
     * @return a percent sign followed by two hexadecimal digits.
     */
    private static String gethex(int decimal) {
        return new String("%" + hexchars.charAt(decimal >> 4) + hexchars.charAt(decimal & 0xF));
    }
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Encode a URI path.
     * @param path The path the encode
     * @param buf StringBuffer to encode path into (or null)
     * @param encode String of characters to encode. % is always encoded.
     * @return The StringBuffer or null if no substitutions required.
     */
    public static StringBuffer encodeString(StringBuffer buf,
                                            String path,
                                            String encode)
    {
        if (buf==null)
        {
        loop:
            for (int i=0;i<path.length();i++)
            {
                char c=path.charAt(i);
                if (c=='%' || encode.indexOf(c)>=0)
                {    
                    buf=new StringBuffer(path.length()<<1);
                    break loop;
                }
            }
            if (buf==null)
                return null;
        }
        
        synchronized(buf)
        {
            for (int i=0;i<path.length();i++)
            {
                char c=path.charAt(i);
                if (c=='%' || encode.indexOf(c)>=0)
                {
                    buf.append('%');
                    StringUtil.append(buf,(byte)(0xff&c),16);
                }
                else
                    buf.append(c);
            }
        }

        return buf;
    }
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /* Decode a URI path.
     * @param path The path the encode
     * @param buf StringBuffer to encode path into
     */
    public static String decodePath(String path)
    {
        int len=path.length();
        byte[] bytes=null;
        int n=0;
        boolean noDecode=true;
        
        for (int i=0;i<len;i++)
        {
            char c = path.charAt(i);
            
            byte b = (byte)(0xff & c);

            if (c=='%' && (i+2)<len)
            {
                noDecode=false;
                b=(byte)(0xff&TypeUtil.parseInt(path,i+1,2,16));
                i+=2;
            }
            else if (bytes==null)
            {
                n++;
                continue;
            }
            
            if (bytes==null)
            {
                noDecode=false;
                bytes=new byte[len];
                for (int j=0;j<n;j++)
                    bytes[j]=(byte)(0xff & path.charAt(j));                
            }
            
            bytes[n++]=b;
        }

        if (noDecode)
            return path;

        /*
        Keep commented out unless you can prove that this does the right thing.
        try
        {    
            return new String(bytes,0,n,__CHARSET);
        }
        catch(UnsupportedEncodingException e)
        {
            log.warn(LogSupport.EXCEPTION,e);
            return new String(bytes,0,n);
        }
        */
        
        return new String(bytes,0,n);
        
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Clone URI.
     * @return cloned URI
     */
    public Object clone()
	throws CloneNotSupportedException
    {
         URI u = (URI)super.clone();
         if (_parameters!=null)
             u._parameters=(UrlEncoded)_parameters.clone();
         _dirty=false;
         
         return u;
    }


    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Add two URI path segments.
     * Handles null and empty paths, path and query params (eg ?a=b or
     * ;JSESSIONID=xxx) and avoids duplicate '/'
     *
     * WARNING: URI path segments must be encoded properly first!
     *          Use the encodePath method above BEFORE attaching a path
     *          that contains characters that need escaping! --Sponge
     *
     * @param p1 URI path segment 
     * @param p2 URI path segment
     * @return Legally combined path segments.
     */
    public static String addPaths(String p1, String p2)
    {
        if (p1==null || p1.length()==0)
        {
            if (p2==null || p2.length()==0)
                return p1;
            return p2;
        }
        if (p2==null || p2.length()==0)
            return p1;
        
        int split=p1.indexOf(';');
        if (split<0)
            split=p1.indexOf('?');
        if (split==0)
            return p2+p1;
        if (split<0)
            split=p1.length();

        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer(p1.length()+p2.length()+2);
        buf.append(p1);
        
        if (buf.charAt(split-1)=='/')
        {
            if (p2.startsWith("/"))
            {
                buf.deleteCharAt(split-1);
                buf.insert(split-1,p2);
            }
            else
                buf.insert(split,p2);
        }
        else
        {
            if (p2.startsWith("/"))
                buf.insert(split,p2);
            else
            {
                buf.insert(split,'/');
                buf.insert(split+1,p2);
            }
        }

        return buf.toString();
    }
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Return the parent Path.
     * Treat a URI like a directory path and return the parent directory.
     */
    public static String parentPath(String p)
    {
        if (p==null || "/".equals(p))
            return null;
        int slash=p.lastIndexOf('/',p.length()-2);
        if (slash>=0)
            return p.substring(0,slash+1);
        return null;
    }
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Strip parameters from a path.
     * Return path upto any semicolon parameters.
     */
    public static String stripPath(String path)
    {
        if (path==null)
            return null;
        int semi=path.indexOf(';');
        if (semi<0)
            return path;
        return path.substring(0,semi);
    }
    
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** Convert a path to a cananonical form.
     * All instances of "." and ".." are factored out.  Null is returned
     * if the path tries to .. above it's root.
     * @param path 
     * @return path or null.
     */
    public static String canonicalPath(String path)
    {
        if (path==null || path.length()==0)
            return path;

        int end=path.length();
        int start = path.lastIndexOf('/', end);

    search:
        while (end>0)
        {
            switch(end-start)
            {
              case 2: // possible single dot
                  if (path.charAt(start+1)!='.')
                      break;
                  break search;
              case 3: // possible double dot
                  if (path.charAt(start+1)!='.' || path.charAt(start+2)!='.')
                      break;
                  break search;
            }
            
            end=start;
            start=path.lastIndexOf('/',end-1);
        }

        // If we have checked the entire string
        if (start>=end)
            return path;
        
        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer(path);
        int delStart=-1;
        int delEnd=-1;
        int skip=0;
        
        while (end>0)
        {
            switch(end-start)
            {       
              case 2: // possible single dot
                  if (buf.charAt(start+1)!='.')
                  {
                      if (skip>0 && --skip==0)
                      {   
                          delStart=start>=0?start:0;
                          if(delStart>0 && delEnd==buf.length() && buf.charAt(delEnd-1)=='.')
                              delStart++;
                      }
                      break;
                  }
                  
                  if(start<0 && buf.length()>2 && buf.charAt(1)=='/' && buf.charAt(2)=='/')
                      break;
                  
                  if(delEnd<0)
                      delEnd=end;
                  delStart=start;
                  if (delStart<0 || delStart==0&&buf.charAt(delStart)=='/')
                  {
                      delStart++;
                      if (delEnd<buf.length() && buf.charAt(delEnd)=='/')
                          delEnd++;
                      break;
                  }
                  if (end==buf.length())
                      delStart++;
                  
                  end=start--;
                  while (start>=0 && buf.charAt(start)!='/')
                      start--;
                  continue;
                  
              case 3: // possible double dot
                  if (buf.charAt(start+1)!='.' || buf.charAt(start+2)!='.')
                  {
                      if (skip>0 && --skip==0)
                      {   delStart=start>=0?start:0;
                      	  if(delStart>0 && delEnd==buf.length() && buf.charAt(delEnd-1)=='.')
                      	      delStart++;
                      }
                      break;
                  }
                  
                  delStart=start;
                  if (delEnd<0)
                      delEnd=end;

                  skip++;
                  end=start--;
                  while (start>=0 && buf.charAt(start)!='/')
                      start--;
                  continue;

              default:
                  if (skip>0 && --skip==0)
                  {
                      delStart=start>=0?start:0;
                      if(delEnd==buf.length() && buf.charAt(delEnd-1)=='.')
                          delStart++;
                  }
            }     
            
            // Do the delete
            if (skip<=0 && delStart>=0 && delStart>=0)
            {  
                buf.delete(delStart,delEnd);
                delStart=delEnd=-1;
                if (skip>0)
                    delEnd=end;
            }
            
            end=start--;
            while (start>=0 && buf.charAt(start)!='/')
                start--;
        }      

        // Too many ..
        if (skip>0)
            return null;
        
        // Do the delete
        if (delEnd>=0)
            buf.delete(delStart,delEnd);

        return buf.toString();
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------ */
    /** 
     * @param uri URI
     * @return True if the uri has a scheme
     */
    public static boolean hasScheme(String uri)
    {
        for (int i=0;i<uri.length();i++)
        {
            char c=uri.charAt(i);
            if (c==':')
                return true;
            if (!(c>='a'&&c<='z' ||
                  c>='A'&&c<='Z' ||
                  (i>0 &&(c>='0'&&c<='9' ||
                          c=='.' ||
                          c=='+' ||
                          c=='-'))
                  ))
                break;
        }
        return false;
    }
    
}



